Type I-D CRISPR System-Mediated Genome Editing in Plants.

Genome editing has revolutionized plant research and plant breeding by enabling precise genome manipulation. In particular, the application of type II CRISPR-Cas9 systems to genome editing has proved an important milestone, accelerating genetic engineering and the analysis of gene function. On the other hand, the potential of other types of CRISPR-Cas systems, especially many of the most abundant type I CRISPR-Cas systems, remains unexplored. We recently developed a novel genome editing tool, TiD, based on the type I-D CRISPR-Cas system. In this chapter, we describe a protocol for genome editing of plant cells using TiD. This protocol allows the application of TiD to induce short insertion and deletions (indels) or long-range deletions at target sites with high specificity in tomato cells.