CRISPR-Based Technologies: Impact of RNA-Targeting Systems.

DNA-targeting CRISPR-Cas systems, such as those employing the RNA-guided Cas9 or Cas12 endonucleases, have revolutionized our ability to predictably edit genomes and control gene expression. Here, I summarize information on RNA-targeting CRISPR-Cas systems and describe recent advances in converting them into powerful and programmable RNA-binding and cleavage tools with a wide range of novel and important biotechnological and biomedical applications.