Браузер не даёт сохранять данные (например, приватный режим): закладки пропадут после закрытия вкладки.
Поиск статей PubMed
Ключевые слова, автор, журнал, годы — результаты из PubMed, аннотации с переводом на русский, закладки в браузере.
Найдено: 3 214
Страница 311 из 322-
Association between gut microbiota and post-stroke depression in Chinese population: A meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND: Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common neuropsychological complication after a stroke with a range of poor outcomes. Evidence of gut microbiota disorder for PSD has recently accumulated. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the association between PSD and gut microbiota. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and VIP, CNKI, Wangfang without language restrictions for eligible studies and performed a meta-analysis and systematic review to assess the pooled differences in gut microbiota compositions between PSD and healthy individuals. RESULTS: We included nine eligible studies reporting the differences in the intestinal microbiome between PSD and healthy control. The pooled results demonstrated that the sequencing depth index (Good's coverage), richness indexes (Chao1 and ACE), evenness, and alpha diversity (Shannon and Simpson) were not significantly changed in PSD patients as compared to healthy controls. The observed species (operational taxonomic unit, OUT) in PSD was significantly higher than that in healthy individuals (SMD, 1.86, 95%CI: 1.47 to 2.25). Furthermore, we observed significant differences between PSD and healthy individuals at the phylum level. The pooled estimation of relative abundance of Proteobacteria (SMD, 0.37, 95%CI: 0.19 to 0.55), Bacteroidetes (SMD, 1.87, 95%CI: 1.25 to 2.48), and Fusobacteria (SMD, 1.06, 95%CI: 0.76 to 1.37) in patients with PSD significantly was increased as compared to controls, while the pooled relative abundance of Firmicutes (SMD, -0.84, 95%CI: -1.21 to -0.47) was significantly decreased in PSD as compared to healthy controls. Moreover, significant differences in intestinal microbiota were observed between PSD patients and healthy controls at the family and genus levels. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis indicates a significant alteration of observed species and microbiota composition at the phylum, family and genus levels in PSD as compared to healthy individuals.
-
Association between Gut Microbiota and Emotional-Behavioral Symptoms in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
Previous studies have explored the role of the microbiome in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, whether the microbiome is correlated with emotional-behavioral disturbances, the most common comorbid symptom of ADHD, remains unclear. We established a cross-sectional study in which 6- to 18-year-old children with ADHD who were receiving no medication and a healthy control group of children without ADHD were recruited to analyze their microbiome composition. Microbiota of fecal samples were collected and analyzed using a 16s rRNA gene sequencing approach. In comparison with the healthy control group, the gut microbiota in children with ADHD exhibited significantly lower beta diversity. The abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria and the genera Agathobacter, Phascolarctobacterium, Prevotella_2, Acidaminococcus, Roseburia, and Ruminococcus gnavus group was increased in the ADHD group compared with the healthy group. Linear discriminant effect size (LEfSe) analysis was used to highlight specific bacteria phylotypes that were differentially altered between the ADHD and control groups. A regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between microbiota and emotional-behavioral symptoms in children with ADHD. A significant association was noted between withdrawal and depression symptoms and Agathobacter (p = 0.044), and between rule-breaking behavior and the Ruminococcus gnavus group (p = 0.046) after adjusting for sex, age, and the ADHD core symptoms score. This study advances the knowledge of how gut microbiota composition may contribute to emotional-behavioral symptoms in children with ADHD. The detailed mechanisms underlying the role of the gut microbiota in ADHD pathophysiology still require further investigation.
-
How gut microbiota contribute to neuropsychiatric disorders: evidence from neuroimaging studies.
The interaction between the gut microbiota and central nervous system (CNS) diseases has emerged as a major focus in neuroscience and microbiome research. Accumulating evidence shows that gut microbiota influence the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, autoimmune, and psychiatric conditions via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. However, the underlying mechanisms are complex and not yet fully elucidated. Advances in multimodal magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and diffusion tensor imaging, now enable in vivo visualization of associations between gut microbial alterations and abnormalities in brain structure and function, providing new perspectives for understanding the role of gut microbiota in CNS pathology. This review systematically reviews neuroimaging-based research linking gut microbiota to neurological diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury), and psychiatric disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorder). It highlights the mediating roles of microbial metabolites, immune-inflammatory responses, and neuroimmune pathways, and discusses future directions integrating multi-omics data with neuroimaging technologies, as well as their potential clinical applications. What distinguishes this review from its predecessors in the same field is its explicit neuroimaging-driven framework rather than general mechanistic discussion.
-
Fecal microbiome differs between patients with systemic sclerosis with and without small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.
INTRODUCTION: Gastrointestinal manifestations of systemic sclerosis affect up to 90% of patients, with symptoms including diarrhea and constipation. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is a condition associated with increased numbers of pathogenic bacteria in the small bowel. While currently unknown, it has been suggested that dysregulation of the fecal microbiota may play a role in the development of systemic sclerosis and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. OBJECTIVES: Our study aimed to describe the fecal microbiota of patients with systemic sclerosis and compare it between those with and without a diagnosis of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. We also compared the fecal microbiota of systemic sclerosis patients with that of healthy controls to understand the association between particular bacterial taxa and clinical gastrointestinal manifestations of systemic sclerosis. METHODS: A total of 29 patients with systemic sclerosis underwent breath testing to assess for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, provided stool samples to determine taxonomic assignments, and completed the University of California Los Angeles Scleroderma Clinical Trial Consortium Gastrointestinal Tract 2.0, which details symptoms and quality-of-life factors. Stool samples were compared between systemic sclerosis patients with and without small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, and between patients with systemic sclerosis and a healthy control cohort (n = 20), aged 18-80 years. RESULTS: Fecal microbiome analyses demonstrated differences between systemic sclerosis patients with and without small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and differences in the diversity of species between healthy controls and patients with systemic sclerosis. Trends were also observed in anticentromere antibody systemic sclerosis patients, including higher Alistipies indistincus spp. levels associated with increased methane levels of breath gas testing and higher Slakia spp. levels associated with increased rates of fecal soiling. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that changes to the fecal microbiome occur in patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and systemic sclerosis when compared to healthy controls. As a cross-sectional study, the potential pathophysiologic role of an altered microbiome in the development of systemic sclerosis was not considered and hence needs to be further investigated.
-
Characteristics of fecal microbiota in different constipation subtypes and association with colon physiology, lifestyle factors, and psychological status.
BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic constipation (CC) show altered gut microbial composition. OBJECTIVES: To compare the fecal microbiota with different constipation subtypes and to identify potential influencing factors. DESIGN: This is a prospective cohort study. METHODS: The stool samples of 53 individuals with CC and 31 healthy individuals were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing. The associations between microbiota composition and colorectal physiology, lifestyle factors, and psychological distress were analyzed. RESULTS: In all, 31 patients with CC were classified as having slow-transit constipation, and 22 were classified under normal-transit constipation. The relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae was lower, and the relative abundance of Peptostreptococcaceae, Christensenellaceae, and Clostridiaceae was higher in slow-transit than in normal-transit group. In all, 28 and 25 patients with CC had dyssynergic defecation (DD) and non-DD, respectively. The relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae and Ruminococcaceae was higher in DD than in non-DD. Rectal defecation pressure was negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae and Ruminococcaceae but positively correlated with that of Bifidobacteriaceae in CC patients. Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that depression was a positive predictor of Lachnospiraceae relative abundance, and sleep quality was an independent predictor of decreased relative abundance of Prevotellaceae. CONCLUSION: Patients with different CC subtypes showed different characteristics of dysbiosis. Depression and poor sleep were the main factors that affected the intestinal microbiota of patients with CC. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: Characteristics of fecal microbiota in different constipation subtypes and association with colon physiology, lifestyle factors, and psychological status Patients with chronic constipation (CC) show altered gut microbial composition. Previous studies in CC are limited by lacking of subtype stratification, which is reflected in the lack of agreement in findings across the large number of microbiome studies. We analyzed stool microbiome of 53 CC patients and 31 healthy individuals using 16S rRNA sequencing. We found that the relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae was lower, and the relative abundance of Peptostreptococcaceae, Christensenellaceae, and Clostridiaceae was higher in slow-transit than in normal-transit CC patients. The relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae and Ruminococcaceae was higher in dyssynergic defecation (DD) than in non-DD patients with CC. In addition, depression was a positive predictor of Lachnospiraceae relative abundance, and sleep quality was an independent predictor of decreased relative abundance of Prevotellaceae in all CC patients. This study emphasizes patients with different CC subtypes have different characteristics of dysbiosis. Depression and poor sleep may be the main factors that affect the intestinal microbiota of patients with CC.
-
Multi-Niche Microbiota of a Desert-Adapted Lizard: 16S rRNA Profiling of Teratoscincus roborowskii Endemic to the Turpan Depression in Northwest China.
The microbial communities of desert-dwelling reptiles, such as lizards, are vital for their health and adaptation, yet remain poorly understood. This study provides the first detailed analysis of the microbiome of the Turpan Wonder Gecko (Teratoscincus roborowskii), using 16S rRNA sequencing on samples from its gut, oral cavity and environment in China's Turpan Depression. The results showed distinct microbial profiles across these niches. Key findings include a highly diverse gut microbiota, primarily belonging to the phyla Bacteroidota and Bacillota, as well as thermophilic Thermodesulfobacteriota, which may enhance heat tolerance. The oral microbiota was rich in Pseudomonadota, likely aiding its omnivorous diet. Environmental samples were mostly Cyanobacteriota, typical of desert soils. Gut microbes appear to be specialized in carbohydrate metabolism, while oral microbes may assist in xenobiotic degradation. These results emphasize the important role that the gecko's microbial communities play in its survival in harsh desert conditions.
-
Anorexia nervosa: Gut microbiota-immune-brain interactions.
Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric disorder defined by an extremely low body weight, a devastating fear of weight gain, and body image disturbance, however the etiopathogenesis remains unclear. The objective of the article is to provide a comprehensive review on the potential role of gut microbiota in pathogenesis of anorexia nervosa. Recent advances in sequencing techniques used for microbial detection revealed that this disease is associated with disruption of the composition of normal gut microbiota (dysbiosis), manifested by low microbial diversity and taxonomic differences as compared to healthy individuals. Microorganisms present in the gut represent a part of the so called "microbiota-gut-brain" axis that affect the central nervous system and thus human behavior via the production of various neuroactive compounds. In addition, cells of the immune system are equipped with receptors for these neuroactive substances. Microbiota of the intestinal system also represent a very important antigenic source. These antigens can mimic some host neuropeptides and neurohormones and thus trigger the production of autoantibodies which cross-react with these compounds. The levels and affinities of these antibodies are thought to be associated with neuropsychiatric conditions including anxiety, depression, and eating and sleep disorders. The study of microbiota function in diseases could bring new insights to the pathogenetic mechanisms.
-
Subconscious Restructuring Protocol in a Mental Health Quality Improvement Study: Reduced Treatment Duration and Improvement Across 17 Psychometric Outcomes in Adult Civilians, Veterans, and Adolescents.
BACKGROUND: Conventional psychiatric and psychotherapeutic services typically require extended treatment durations while collecting limited outcome data, producing inconsistent care. Subconscious Restructuring (SR) uses a behavioral microbiome model treating psychological symptoms and gut barrier integrity as a single clinical target, on the premise that a compromised gut barrier permits translocation of lipopolysaccharide and Candida, activating microglia and the neuroinflammation implicated in depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The model is the rationale for the protocol's dual target, not a hypothesis tested here. SR is cloud-based, scripted, and auditable, capturing session-level client-generated data, and has been in clinical use since 1990; it is mechanistic rather than symptom-based, so no personal history is required for delivery. This quality improvement (QI) initiative aimed to improve the efficiency and clinical outcomes of care by delivering a standardized brief emotional fitness protocol through the SR framework. METHODOLOGY: This initiative used Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles with 50 clients across three populations (20 adult civilians, 20 military veterans, 10 adolescents) in multi-site clinical practices. The protocol comprised two two-hour sessions on consecutive days plus three one-hour follow-ups for adult civilians, two two-hour sessions for veterans, and a single four-hour session for adolescents, delivered as extended workshop-format blocks rather than 50-minute appointments. Sixteen psychometric metrics and a derived Stress Load Index were measured, alongside adherence, completion, and safety. The Gut Health Symptom Checklist was completed at every session as a physician-referral gate, not an outcome measure; no gut health data were analyzed. Change was summarized as the mean change in scale points with SD, 95% CI, percent improvement, and within-subject standardized mean change (d_z); paired t-tests are descriptive. RESULTS: Treatment duration was reduced by 67.5% relative to the 16-hour midpoint of the conventional 12-20-session benchmark, ranging from 56.7% to 74.0% against its 12-hour and 20-hour bounds. Adherence and assessment completion were 100% with no adverse events. Mean improvement across the 17 outcomes was 35.2% for adults, 47.3% for veterans, and 19.1% for adolescents; pooled across 50 clients, depression (Emotional Checklist total) improved 46.63%. Veterans achieved the strongest gains (depression: 57.87%, anger: 63.95%, Stress Load Index: 46.25%). Every outcome improved in raw scale points in all three cohorts, but the adolescent response was smaller and more variable, with 10 of 16 intervals, including zero; its two negative percentages are floor and ceiling artifacts on hopelessness and relationship satisfaction. Standardized Cronbach's alpha was 0.93 for the valence-aligned overall scale, and d_z ranged from 0.04 to 2.04. Reliable improvement on the primary symptom instrument reached 90.0% of veterans, 60.0% of adults, and 50.0% of adolescents; on at least one instrument, these were 95.0%, 95.0%, and 50.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Standardized brief emotional fitness protocols were associated with improvements in both clinical outcomes and service delivery efficiency. This model offers a replicable framework for reducing treatment timelines; controlled studies are needed to confirm effects on mental health outcomes.
-
Interactions of bile acids and gut microbiota modulate neurological health: a comprehensive review on mechanisms and therapeutic potential of dietary phytochemicals.
Bile acids (BAs), classically regarded as detergents for dietary lipid absorption, have emerged as pivotal signaling molecules with systemic endocrine functions. The discovery of the Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) and Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) as BAs-activated receptors unveiled their profound influences on glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism. BAs are first synthesized in hepatocytes and further metabolized by gut microbes, can either circulate in enterohepatic system or be found in circulations to exert various effects. More recently, the gut-brain axis has been identified as a critical pathway through which BAs exert significant effects on central nervous system (CNS) function and health. Based on research progresses mentioned above, this review systematically delineates the synthesis, metabolism, and classification of BAs, with a focus on the intricate crosstalk between the hepatic-gut BA axis and the brain. In addition, we explore the compelling evidences linking BAs dysregulation to a spectrum of neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease), depression, and hepatic encephalopathy. Besides, the potential mechanisms, such as alleviating neuroinflammation, maintaining the integrity of blood-brain barrier, increasing the neuronal survival, and modulating neurotransmitter systems are further elucidated. Finally, strategies of dietary intervention through phytochemicals to modulate the BAs pool for improved neurological outcomes are summarized and discussed. By integrating pre-clinical and clinical findings, this review aims to establish a foundation for understanding BAs as novel therapeutic targets in neurology and nutritional neuroscience.
-
Gut microbiota signatures differentiate trajectory-defined response phenotypes and predict self-management outcomes in irritable bowel syndrome.
INTRODUCTION: Heterogeneity in symptom presentation and treatment response in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remains poorly understood. This analysis from a randomized controlled trial (NCT03332537) aims to identify symptom-trajectory phenotypes and determine whether gut microbiota composition and function distinguish these phenotypes and predict multidimensional responses to IBS pain self-management interventions. METHODS: Participants with longitudinal data (n = 62) were analyzed using longitudinal k-means clustering based on trajectories of measures in IBS quality of life (QOL), Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), and neuropsychological outcomes (anxiety, applied cognition, depression, fatigue, global health, positive affect, and sleep disturbance) over 12 weeks. Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART) models were used to identify baseline microbial taxa and pathways predictive of longitudinal changes in QOL, BPI pain interference, and severity. RESULTS: Two distinct trajectory-defined response phenotypes were identified: a Constrained Response Phenotype (Phenotype A, n = 35) and an Adaptive Multidomain Response Phenotype (Phenotype B, n = 27). At baseline, Phenotype B showed lower pain severity and interference, but higher levels of anxiety, depression, and fatigue compared to Phenotype A. Over 12 weeks, both phenotypes showed improvements in pain outcomes (all p < 0.05), but only Phenotype B demonstrated broad improvements across neuropsychological domains and QOL (all p < 0.05). Phenotype A exhibited more limited improvements and worsening in several neuropsychological domains. Nominal differences in predicted functional pathways were observed, including pathways related to xenobiotic degradation, amino acid metabolism, bile secretion, and immune-related processes (all raw p < 0.05). Although predicted functional pathway differences were not significant after correction for multiple testing, phenotype-specific microbial taxa and functional features were identified as predictors of treatment response in BART models. In Phenotype A, genera such as Alistipes and Sutterella were consistently identified across models, whereas in Phenotype B, predictors included Phascolarctobacterium, Collinsella, and Parabacteroides. CONCLUSIONS: IBS patients exhibit distinct multidimensional response patterns associated with distinct clinical and microbiome profiles. Baseline gut microbial characteristics may serve as potential biomarkers of heterogeneous treatment response in young adults with IBS, supporting a microbiome-based approach to categorize patients and improve personalized self-management strategies in IBS.