Браузер не даёт сохранять данные (например, приватный режим): закладки пропадут после закрытия вкладки.
Поиск статей PubMed
Ключевые слова, автор, журнал, годы — результаты из PubMed, аннотации с переводом на русский, закладки в браузере.
Найдено: 3 193
Страница 22 из 320-
Association Between Gut Microbiome and Frailty in the Older Adult Population in Korea.
Frailty is a common geriatric syndrome associated with the risk of adverse health outcomes. Recently, 2 key pathophysiological characteristics of frailty, altered energy metabolism and dysregulated immunity, have been reported to be associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis, indicating that the gut microbiome plays a role in frailty. However, few studies have directly examined the relationship between the gut microbiome and frailty. Here, we investigated the association of frailty measures with the gut microbiome using 16S rRNA gene sequencing data obtained from the fecal samples of 176 Korean older adults. Overall frailty was scored using the Korean Frailty Index (FI). Grip strength and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) scores were used as physical and mental frailty measures, respectively. In contrast to age, metabolic, and inflammatory biomarkers, the frailty measures were associated with interindividual variations in microbial composition (false discovery rate [FDR] < 0.2). Both FI and GDS scores were negatively associated with microbial diversity (FDR < 0.2). Frailty measures showed distinct associations with specific microbial taxa and metabolic functions. Particularly, the Bacteroides enterotype was found only in subjects categorized in the frail group. Moreover, we observed that the abundance of beneficial taxa, such as Prevotella copri and Coprococcus eutactus, was reduced in frailer individuals, whereas that of detrimental taxa, such as Bacteroides fragilis and Clostridium hathewayi, was increased (FDR < 0.2). Our findings suggest that the gut microbiome can be used an indicator of an increased risk of frailty or a target for improving health in frail older adults.
-
Prebiotics chronotherapy alleviates depression-like behaviors in FMT mice through enhancing short-chain fatty acids receptors and intestinal barrier.
BACKGROUND: Prebiotics interventions to restore microbiome homeostasis may have long-lasting benefits for mental health especially in adolescence. However, the anti-depressants of prebiotics, particularly in prebiotics chronotherapy, orchestrated remain unknown. We aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of prebiotics in light of maximum antidepressant effects by appropriate dosing timing. METHODS: Adolescent depression mouse model was made by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from major depressive disorder (MDD) adolescent patients. Sodium Butyrate (SB), one of SCFAs, was intragastrically administrated to mice at Zeitgeber time 4 (ZT4: the highest short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) receptor-activated timing) or ZT16 (the lowest SCFA receptor-activated timing) for the last 2 weeks within 4-week-FMT exposure. The success of modeling and antidepressant effects of SB chronotherapy were determined by changes in depression-like behaviors, inflammation, neurotrophy, neuron functions, circadian rhythm, and barrier systems. RESULTS: SB alleviated depressive symptoms at ZT4 with better efficacy over ZT16. SB decreased inflammation, upregulated neurotrophy, restored functions, and re-established circadian rhythm. Notably, SB increased the expressions of SCFAs receptors to repair the intestinal barrier and blood-brain barrier, thereby alleviating depressive symptoms. LIMITATION: Only one prebiotic with one disease was involved. CONCLUSION: SB supplementation could be a promising therapeutic tactic for restoring the integrity of barrier systems by enhancing the intestinal SCFAs receptors. Alignment SB supplementation with circadian clocks might help to obtain better antidepressant efficacy, which may generate novel insights into diseases related to diseases with barrier system impairment and optimize interventions to improve health and human well-being.
-
Antidepressants, antimicrobials or both? Gut microbiota dysbiosis in depression and possible implications of the antimicrobial effects of antidepressant drugs for antidepressant effectiveness.
OBJECTIVES: The first drug repurposed for the treatment of depression was the tuberculostatic iproniazid. At present, drugs belonging to new classes of antidepressants still have antimicrobial effects. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota was implicated in the development or exacerbation of mental disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD). Based on the current interest in the gut-brain axis, the focus of this narrative review is to compile the available studies regarding the influences of gut microbiota in behavior and depression and to show the antimicrobial effect of antidepressant drugs. A discussion regarding the possible contribution of the antimicrobial effect of antidepressant drugs to its effectiveness/resistance is included. METHODS: The search included relevant articles from PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, PsycINFO, and ISI Web of Knowledge. RESULTS: MDD is associated with changes in gut permeability and microbiota composition. In this respect, antidepressant drugs present antimicrobial effects that could also be related to the effectiveness of these drugs for MDD treatment. Conversely, some antimicrobials present antidepressant effects. CONCLUSION: Both antidepressants and antimicrobials present neuroprotective/antidepressant and antimicrobial effects. Further studies are needed to evaluate the participation of antimicrobial mechanisms of antidepressants in MDD treatment as well as to determine the contribution of this effect to antidepressant resistance.
-
Gutted! Unraveling the Role of the Microbiome in Major Depressive Disorder.
Microorganisms can be found in virtually any environment. In humans, the largest collection of microorganisms is found in the gut ecosystem. The adult gut microbiome consists of more genes than its human host and typically spans more than 60 genera from across the taxonomic tree. In addition, the gut contains the largest number of neurons in the body, after the brain. In recent years, it has become clear that the gut microbiome is in communication with the brain, through the gut-brain axis. A growing body of literature shows that the gut microbiome plays a shaping role in a variety of psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). In this review, the interplay between the microbiome and MDD is discussed in three facets. First, we discuss factors that affect the onset/development of MDD that also greatly impinge on the composition of the gut microbiota-especially diet and stressful life events. We then examine the interplay between the microbiota and MDD. We examine evidence suggesting that the microbiota is altered in MDD, and we discuss why the microbiota should be considered during MDD treatment. Finally, we look toward the future and examine how the microbiota might become a therapeutic target for MDD. This review is intended to introduce those familiar with the neurological and psychiatric aspects of MDD to the microbiome and its potential role in the disorder. Although research is in its very early days, with much yet to be the understood, the microbiome is offering new avenues for developing potentially novel strategies for managing MDD.
-
Raspberry Ketone Prevents LPS-Induced Depression-Like Behaviors in Mice by Inhibiting TLR-4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway via the Gut-Brain Axis.
SCOPE: Depression, a prevalent mental disorder, has significantly impacted the lives of 350 million people, yet it holds promise for amelioration through food-derived phenolics. Raspberries, renowned globally for their delectable flavor, harbor a phenolic compound known as raspberry ketone (RK). However, the impact of RK on depressive symptoms remains ambiguous. This study aims to investigate the impact of RK on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressed mice and elucidates its potential mechanisms, focusing on the gut-brain axis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Through behavioral tests, RK exerts a notable preventive effect on LPS-induced depression-like behaviors in mice. RK proves capable of attenuating gut inflammation, repairing gut barrier impairment, modulating the composition of the gut microbiome (Muribaculaceae, Streptococcus, Lachnospiraceae, and Akkermansia), and promoting the production of short-chain fatty acids. Furthermore, RK alleviates neuroinflammation by suppressing the TLR-4/NF-κB pathway and bolsters synaptic function by elevating levels of neurotrophic factors and synapse-associated proteins. CONCLUSION: The current study provides compelling evidence that RK effectively inhibits the TLR-4/NF-κB pathway via the gut-brain axis, leading to the improvement of LPS-induced depression-like behaviors in mice. This study addresses the research gap in understanding the antidepressant effects of RK and illuminates the potential of utilizing RK as a functional food for preventing depression.
-
5-Fluorouracil induced dysregulation of the microbiome-gut-brain axis manifesting as depressive like behaviors in rats.
Disturbances of the gut microbiome have been widely suggested to be associated with 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) induced digestive pathologies. Furthermore, it has been elucidated that the gut microbiome may play a key role in the pathogenesis of depressive disorders via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Despite the speculation, there exists no direct evidence proving the causality between disturbances in the gut microbiome induced by 5-Fu and depressive mood dysregulation. Herein, behavioral testing was used to evaluate depressive-like behaviors in 5-Fu treated rats. Subsequently, the gut microbiota and prefrontal cortex (PFC) metabolic were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). To clarify the association between the gut microbiota and their role on depressive-like behaviors caused by 5-Fu, a fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiment was carried out. The results suggested that 5-Fu could significantly alter the diversity and abundance of the gut microbiome, and induce PFC metabolic disorders, as well as depressive behaviors in rats. Transplantation of fecal microbiota from healthy control into 5-Fu treated rats significantly alleviated the PFC metabolic disorder and depressive-like behaviors. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the gut microbiome was actively involved in the occurrence of 5-Fu induced depressive-like behaviors, and manipulation of specific gut microbiome parameters may serve as a promising novel target for side effects of 5-Fu treatment.
-
Gut microbiota and major depressive disorder: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization.
BACKGROUND: Observational studies showed an association between gut microbiota and depression, but the causality relationship between them is unclear. We aimed to determine whether there is a bidirectional causal relationship between the composition of gut microbiota and major depressive disorders (MDD) and explore the role of gut microbiota in decreasing the risk of MDD. METHODS: Our two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study acquired top SNPs associated with the composition of gut microbiota (n = 18,340) and with MDDs (n = 480,359) from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The SNPs estimates were pooled using inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis, with sensitivity analyses-weighted median, MR Egger, and MR Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (PRESSO). RESULTS: The Actinobacteria class had protective causal effects on MDD (OR 0.88, 95%CI 0.87 to 0.9). The Bifidobacterium (OR 0.89, 95%CI 0.88 to 0.91) were further found to have similar effects as the Actinobacteria class. The genus Ruminococcus1 had a protective effect on MDD (OR 0.88, 95%CI 0.76 to 0.99) while the Streptococcaceae family and its genus had an anti-protective effect on MDD (OR 1.07, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.13), but these findings were not supported by the MR-Egger analysis. Bidirectional MR showed no effect of MDD on gut microbiota composition. LIMITATIONS: The use of summary-level data, the risk of sample overlap and low statistical power are the major limiting factors. CONCLUSIONS: Our MR analysis showed a protective effect of Actinobacteria, Bifidobacterium, and Ruminococcus and a potentially anti-protective effect of Streptococcaceae on MDD pathogenesis. Further studies are needed to transform the findings into practice.
-
Re-Examination of Inflammation in Major Depressive Disorder: Bridging Systemic and Neuroinflammatory Insights.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a multifaceted psychiatric disorder that has been a longstanding focus of research. However, its underlying mechanisms remain underexplored. Recently, the inflammatory hypothesis has gained attention, highlighting inflammation's role in MDD progression. Potential contributors to increased systemic inflammation in MDD include hyperactivation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system, gut microbiota imbalances, the "pathogen host defense" hypothesis, and damage-associated molecular patterns. Traditional pathways explaining how systemic inflammation affects the central nervous system (CNS) do not fully account for the observed desynchrony between systemic and neuroinflammation in most depressed individuals. Alternative models suggest mechanisms such as reduced blood-brain barrier permeability and the involvement of immune cells from the skull. This review examines the link between inflammation and MDD, focusing on systemic and neuroinflammation interactions, with special emphasis on the heterogeneity of MDD symptoms and the potential impact of dysfunction in the brain's lymphatic system. Gaining insight into the origins of inflammation in both the central nervous system and the peripheral body, along with their interactions, offers an important understanding of the inflammatory mechanisms associated with MDD for future treatment.
-
Persister Intestinal Bacteria, Epigenetics and Major Depression.
The microbiota-gut-brain axis has been proposed as a potential modulator of mood disorders such as major depression. Complex bidirectional biochemical activities in this axis have been posited to participate in adverse mood disorders. Environmental and genetic factors have dominated recent discussions on depression. The prescription of antibiotics, antidepressants, adverse negative DNA methylation reactions and a dysbiotic gut microbiome have been cited as causal for the development and progression of depression. While research continues to investigate the microbiome-gut-brain axis, this review will explore the state of persistence of gut bacteria that underpins bacterial dormancy, possibly due to adverse environmental conditions and/or pharmaceutical prescriptions. Bacterial dormancy persistence in the intestinal microbial cohort could affect the role of bacterial epigenomes and DNA methylations. DNA methylations are highly motif driven exerting significant control on bacterial phenotypes that can disrupt bacterial metabolism and neurotransmitter formation in the gut, outcomes that can support adverse mood dispositions.
-
Microbiota-gut-brain axis in perioperative neurocognitive and depressive disorders: Pathogenesis to treatment.
An increasing number of people undergo anesthesia and surgery. Perioperative neurocognitive and depressive disorders are common central nervous system complications with similar pathogeneses. These conditions pose a deleterious threat to human health and a significant societal burden. In recent years, numerous studies have focused on the role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the central nervous system via the gut-brain axis. Its involvement in perioperative neurocognitive and depressive disorders has attracted considerable attention. This review aimed to elucidate the role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the pathogenesis of perioperative neurocognitive and depressive disorders, as well as the value of targeted interventions and treatments.